Yankee Pot Roast | Recipe With A History

Thumb through any New England cookbook from the last hundred years and you’ll be hard pressed to find one without an entry for savory Yankee pot roast. As essential to winter survival here as snow tires and a good pair of slippers, this classic combination of tender beef, seasoned vegetables, and rich sauce is comfort food at its best, earning it a spot on menus and dinner tables across America.

“Pot roast,” as a term for browned meat cooked with vegetables in a covered pot, began appearing in cookbooks in the late 19th century, but this method of slow cooking in liquid, known as braising, is centuries older. Tough cuts, such as beef chuck, short ribs, and brisket, lamb shanks, and pork shoulder, are braising favorites because they’re rich in marbled fat and connective tissue, which converts to gelatin over long, gentle cooking times to produce both tender meat and a silken sauce. Coming from the more heavily “worked” parts of the animal, they have more flavor, so a good braise gives you delicious meat cooked down to pull-apart perfection.

The process usually begins with searing the meat. This step doesn’t hold moisture in, as cooks once believed, but it does create wonderful flavor. In his memoir/cookbook Grandma’s Cooking (Gramercy Publishing, 1955), journalist Allan Keller reflected on boyhood memories of his Connecticut grandmother’s Yankee pot roast, noting that she began by browning the meat in a piece of suet “the size of a large coffee cup,” complimentary from the local butcher.

Once the meat is browned, pot roast is simmered in a mixture of stock and tomatoes, seasoned with sautéed onion and herbs. Then, during the final hour, the cook adds his or her choice of vegetables for the final, tantalizing hour. Onions, carrots, parsnips, turnips, celery, potatoes—any can be used. As the good bit of Yankee kitchen wisdom says, “Whatever’s on hand is what works best.” Out of the oven, the meat is fork-tender, the sauce rich and flavorful, and the leftovers (if there are any) ready for reincarnation in sandwiches, hash, pastas, and savory pies.

Whether the “Yankee” in Yankee pot roast is a nod to the dish’s American regional origins or (as some suggest) a joke about New England fru­gality, a good Yankee pot roast embodies the traditions of simplicity and patience rewarded. “Like any great masterpiece, a Yankee pudding, pie, or roast is not dashed off in a trice,” Keller warned. “But when the lid is lifted and the aromas drift through the kitchen, it is like the spring that follows a hard, cold winter.” We couldn’t agree more.

This post was first published in 2014 and has been updated. 

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Classic Yankee Pot Roast
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